Which of the following best describes the type of data referenced in the material as being linked to court substantiation?

• A. Data reflecting reported crimes substantiated in court
• B. Data based solely on victim surveys
• C. Data limited to arrests
• D. Data drawn from school records

Answer: (A)

Substantiation in court means a crime has been proven in a court of law. Data linked to court substantiation are those incidents that have been formally confirmed through judicial proceedings, not just reported or alleged.

Among the options, the one that fits best describes data reflecting reported crimes substantiated in court, because it explicitly ties each crime to a court-confirmed outcome. Data based solely on victim surveys reflect victims’ experiences but don’t require court confirmation. Data limited to arrests capture police action, not necessarily a court verdict. Data drawn from school records involve school discipline or related matters, which are not equivalent to court substantiation.